Podejście Neuro-Edu-Techno (NET) w badaniach nad terapią pedagogiczną: Kazus ogniskowej dysplazji korowej

Background: Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) may vary in size and be located in any area of the human brain. In general, FCD causes epilepsy and it is usually associated with mental retardation. Even in case of epilepsy various types of treatment are identified, there is no complete educational therapy for developmental delays caused by FCD. Moreover, there are no works that synthetically discuss the possibilities of supporting such therapy by technology-based solutions. Method: Here, we investigate this issue using a systematic literature review. Results: Despite the fact that we were dealing with the lack of studies on technology-based educational therapy for students with cognitive problems due to FCD, we point out several potential benefits of this type of assistance. Discussion and conclusions: Our study clearly demonstrates that technology may strongly enhance educational therapy for developmental delays caused by focal cortical dysplasia and that there is a need for further neuro-edu-techno (NET) studies on this topic

Everyday mental calculations and dual-task costs: evidences from a behavioral experiment supported by EEG

Background: Very recent studies show that a cognitive-motor interference can expose people not only to a motor danger but also weaken their cognitive capabilities. This effect is called the dual-task cost. One of the most popular examples of it nowadays is the smartphone use while walking, which is well examined. Yet, there are no studies that would analyse to what extent the other high-popular dual-task situation – shopping at the supermarket, weakens cognitive processes. To shed some light on this issue, we investigated a behavioral experiment on everyday mental calculations. Methods: Twenty mathematically-educated adults took part in this study. We used stimuli in the form of shop labels. The participant's task was to add two prices or state the price after a discount. They carried out the tasks by turns, either by standing (single-task) or walking with a shopping basket (dual-task). EEG controlled level of their attention. Results: We found that a cognitive-motor interference do not affected the everyday mental calculations. But, such familiar mental arithmetic as calculating prices after discounts was frighteningly difficult for the participants. Conclusions: While our finding does not confirm the occurrence of dual-task costs in everyday mental calculations, it has profound consequences for a mathematical education, which effects turn out to be useless in real life

„Still offline”: evidence from qualitative studies on the hybridization of spontaneous cognitive activity

Background: In the contemporary culture we observed a kind of apology for the hybridization of cognitive activity. Nevertheless, we don’t know is it a real phenomenon or only a facade. To shed some new light on this issue, we investigated two qualitative studies on the hybridization of spontaneous cognitive activity. Methods: Three martial arts masters and four triathletes took part in these studies. A structured interview was used to collect data. Results: We found that professional and experienced athletes do not recognize a big potential for hybridization. They can’t imagine a strong hybridization of own, and their students, spontaneous cognitive activity, both in the current and the future technological reality. Conclusions: This study contradicts the idea of the superiority (in the cognitive contexts) of what online, over what offline.4211712910.14746/se.2016.41.8Studia edukacyjn

Clinical and classic echocardiographic features of patients with, and without, left ventricle reverse remodeling following the introduction of cardiac resynchronization therapy

Background: The aim of the study was to assess clinical and classic echocardiographic data in patients with different cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) outcomes. Methods: Sixty consecutive patients (aged 66.3 ± 8.7 years, 57 men) with chronic heart failure (CHF) in New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes III–IV despite optimized pharmacotherapy, with left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) > 55 mm, left ventricular ejection fraction £ 35% and wide QRS complex (≥ 120 ms), including individuals with permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) and single- and dual-chamber pacing, were assessed firstly before, and secondly three months after, biventricular heart stimulator implantation (excluding three patients who died during the follow-up). Patients developing ≥ 10% reduction of left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) were classified as responders to CRT. Results: The group of responders (n = 34, 59.7%) and the group of non-responders (n = 23, 40.3%) did not differ regarding baseline echocardiographic parameters or in terms of clinical data of age, gender, concomitant diseases, smoking or pharmacological treatment. The differences involved higher rates of ischemic CHF background, prevalence of hypertension and permanent AF, and a higher concentration of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) among the non-responders. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, NT-proBNP, body mass index (BMI) and the presence of permanent AF correlated negatively with the magnitude of LVESV reduction following CRT introduction. Conclusions: Classic echocardiographic data did not predict left ventricle reverse remodeling. Higher rates of ischemic CHF aetiology, hypertension, permanent AF and higher NT-proBNP concentration were found in the group without at least 10% LVESV reduction at the three month follow-up. NT-proBNP, BMI and the presence of permanent AF had negative effects on the magnitude of LVESV. (Cardiol J 2011; 18, 2: 157-164

Dziecięca matematyka

W rozdziale tym przedstawiono tradycyjne metody kształtowania kompetencji matematycznych dzieci, takie jak metoda samodzielnych doświadczeń, kierowania aktywnością, zadań i ćwiczeń; metody oparte na pokazie, przykładzie, udostępnianiu sztuki, rozmowie, opowiadaniu, zagadce, objaśnieniu, instrukcji, wierszu i piosence, czy też metody żywego słowa. Omówiono także alternatywne strategie, takie jak: metody bazujące na koncepcji pedagogicznej Montessori, Froebla, Steinera, Domana czy Friedrich, de Galgóczy i Schindelhauer, a także Naglaka, Rokity i Rzepy. Pokazano również nowe, oparte na technologiach informacyjno-komunikacyjnych, przestrzenie aktywności matematycznych: środowisko rzeczywistości wirtualnej i cyberparków. Odniesiono się ponadto do uczniów ze specjalnymi potrzebami matematycznymi, którzy wymagają jeszcze innych metod pracy. W tym kontekście wyjaśniono różnice między takimi problemami z matematyką jak akalkulia, dyskalkulia czy specyficzne trudności matematyczne. Wreszcie ukazano to, jak rozpoznać w klasie uczniów uzdolnionych matematycznie, jak z nimi pracować oraz wyróżniono kompetencje zawodowe, które powinien posiadać nauczyciel takich uczniów. Rozdział kończy krótkie podsumowanie zachęcające do refleksji nad procesem nauczania matematyki

The absolute chronology of collective burials from the 2nd Millennium BC in East Central Europe

This article discusses the absolute chronology of collective burials of the Trzciniec Cultural Circle communities of the Middle Bronze Age in East Central Europe. Based on Bayesian modeling of 91 accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C) dates from 18 cemeteries, the practice of collective burying of individuals was linked to a period of 400-640 (95.4%) years, between 1830–1690 (95.4%) and 1320-1160 (95.4%) BC. Collective burials in mounds with both cremation and inhumation rites were found earliest in the upland zone regardless of grave structure type (mounded or flat). Bayesian modeling of 14C determinations suggests that this practice was being transmitted generally from the southeast to the northwest direction. Bayesian modeling of the dates from the largest cemetery in Z· erniki Górne, Lesser Poland Upland, confirmed the duration of use of the necropolis as ca. 140–310 (95.4%) years. Further results show the partial contemporaneity of burials and allow formulation of a spatial and temporal development model of the necropolis. Based on the investigation, some graves were used over just a couple of years and others over nearly 200, with up to 30 individuals found in a single grave